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the fraction of the administered dose that is available to the systemic circulation

the volume of serum, plasma, or blood that has all of the drug removed per unit of time by the eliminating organ. Total body clearance is the sum of the clearances of all the eliminating organs

Dosage regimen

how much drug will be given how often when multiple doses of drug will be given (e.g., 10 mg every day)

Elimination rate constant (k)

the fraction of drug removed in a given time

First-pass drugs

drugs that have a large fraction of the active drug metabolized in the liver as it passes through the liver before reaching the systemic circulation

Half-life (t½s)

time it takes for one half of the drug to be removed from the body

Prodrug

a drug that has to be converted into an active form by the body, usually by an enzyme

Steady state (ss)

the point in therapy when the amount of drug administered exactly replaces the amount of drug removed. Steady state is never technically achieved, but for clinical purposes 5 t½s (97% of steady state) is considered to be at steady state

Therapeutic range

a statistical range of desirable drug concentrations, for which the majority of patients show effective therapeutic response with minimal drug-related side effects

Volume of distribution

where the drug distributes in the body

Chapter 2: Flashcards

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Bioavailability (F) the fraction of the administered dose that is available to the systemic circulation	Clearance (CL) the volume of serum, plasma, or blood that has all of the drug removed per unit of time by the eliminating organ. Total body clearance is the sum of the clearances of all the eliminating organs	Dosage regimen how much drug will be given how often when multiple doses of drug will be given (e.g., 10 mg every day)
Elimination rate constant (k) the fraction of drug removed in a given time	First-pass drugs drugs that have a large fraction of the active drug metabolized in the liver as it passes through the liver before reaching the systemic circulation	Half-life (t½s) time it takes for one half of the drug to be removed from the body
Prodrug a drug that has to be converted into an active form by the body, usually by an enzyme	Steady state (ss) the point in therapy when the amount of drug administered exactly replaces the amount of drug removed. Steady state is never technically achieved, but for clinical purposes 5 t½s (97% of steady state) is considered to be at steady state	Therapeutic range a statistical range of desirable drug concentrations, for which the majority of patients show effective therapeutic response with minimal drug-related side effects	Volume of distribution where the drug distributes in the body