Chapter 19a

Dyspepsia

the term dyspepsia means bad digestion and describes a persistent or recurrent discomfort (indigestion) in the upper abdomen characterized by a range of symptoms including bloating, belching, nausea, stomach fullness (inability to finish a normal meal), and heartburn. Dyspepsia may be related to certain foods, beverages, or medications and is a common symptom of acid-related diseases such as peptic ulcer disease

Erosions

single or multiple superficial lesions (areas of tissue damage), which may occur in the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum and affect primarily the mucosal lining of the GI tract

Esophagitis

injury to the lining of the esophagus (esophageal mucosa) related to abnormal gastric acid exposure. Esophagitis ranges from mild to severe and symptoms do not correlate directly with the degree of severity

Gastritis

inflammation of the lining of the stomach (gastric mucosa) without ulceration. Gastritis may be acute (e.g., related to medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory drugs, alcohol) or chronic (e.g., related to Helicobacter pylori infection)

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

an acid-related disorder caused primarily by malfunctioning of the lower esophageal sphincter (valve) and altered esophageal motility leading to a backward flow (reflux) of stomach contents into the esophagus. Although gastroesophageal reflux is a normal process, it is a disease when symptoms such as heartburn or esophageal injury occur

Heartburn

heartburn is the most common typical symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease and is characterized by a burning discomfort arising from behind the breast bone and moving up toward the neck and throat. Heartburn may also be associated with certain foods, medications, and other acid-related diseases such as peptic ulcer disease

Hiatal hernia

passage of the upper portion of the stomach from below the diaphragm into the chest secondary to weakening of the diaphragm muscles and abdominal pressure. Some patients are asymptomatic while others have symptoms related to gastroesophageal reflux disease

Chapter 19a: Flashcards

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Dyspepsia the term dyspepsia means bad digestion and describes a persistent or recurrent discomfort (indigestion) in the upper abdomen characterized by a range of symptoms including bloating, belching, nausea, stomach fullness (inability to finish a normal meal), and heartburn. Dyspepsia may be related to certain foods, beverages, or medications and is a common symptom of acid-related diseases such as peptic ulcer disease	Erosions single or multiple superficial lesions (areas of tissue damage), which may occur in the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum and affect primarily the mucosal lining of the GI tract	Esophagitis injury to the lining of the esophagus (esophageal mucosa) related to abnormal gastric acid exposure. Esophagitis ranges from mild to severe and symptoms do not correlate directly with the degree of severity	Gastritis inflammation of the lining of the stomach (gastric mucosa) without ulceration. Gastritis may be acute (e.g., related to medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory drugs, alcohol) or chronic (e.g., related to Helicobacter pylori infection)
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) an acid-related disorder caused primarily by malfunctioning of the lower esophageal sphincter (valve) and altered esophageal motility leading to a backward flow (reflux) of stomach contents into the esophagus. Although gastroesophageal reflux is a normal process, it is a disease when symptoms such as heartburn or esophageal injury occur	Heartburn heartburn is the most common typical symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease and is characterized by a burning discomfort arising from behind the breast bone and moving up toward the neck and throat. Heartburn may also be associated with certain foods, medications, and other acid-related diseases such as peptic ulcer disease	Hiatal hernia passage of the upper portion of the stomach from below the diaphragm into the chest secondary to weakening of the diaphragm muscles and abdominal pressure. Some patients are asymptomatic while others have symptoms related to gastroesophageal reflux disease