Chapter 21

inflammation of the vermiform appendix usually occurring because of an obstruction of the appendix

is inflammation in the colon (another name for the large intestine). Different diseases may cause this inflammation, which can lead to significant disease including cancer

Colonoscopy

examination with a flexible, lighted, tubular instrument using fiber optics to permit visualization of the colon. Patients undergoing a colonoscopy are expected to use bowel preparations the day before the scope to ensure the entire colon has been thoroughly cleansed, and there is no feces remaining in the lower GI tract. This aids in a clearer visual inspection of the colon

Duodenal ulcer

chronic inflammation of the duodenal area of the gastrointestinal tract most commonly linked to the H. pylori bacteria or from nonsteroidal inflammatory medications (ibuprofen, naproxen) or aspirin. Duodenal ulcers are the most common form of peptic ulcer

Gastroenteritis

inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, involving both the stomach and the small intestine, which results in acute diarrhea. The inflammation is caused most often by an infection from certain viruses or less often by bacteria, their toxins, parasites, or an adverse reaction to food contamination or medication

Prodrug

a medication that is given in an inactive form and is converted in the body to an active form. Prodrugs may be used to reduce side effects of the active medication or to permit administration via an alternate route

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Appendicitis inflammation of the vermiform appendix usually occurring because of an obstruction of the appendix	Colitis is inflammation in the colon (another name for the large intestine). Different diseases may cause this inflammation, which can lead to significant disease including cancer	Colonoscopy examination with a flexible, lighted, tubular instrument using fiber optics to permit visualization of the colon. Patients undergoing a colonoscopy are expected to use bowel preparations the day before the scope to ensure the entire colon has been thoroughly cleansed, and there is no feces remaining in the lower GI tract. This aids in a clearer visual inspection of the colon
Duodenal ulcer chronic inflammation of the duodenal area of the gastrointestinal tract most commonly linked to the H. pylori bacteria or from nonsteroidal inflammatory medications (ibuprofen, naproxen) or aspirin. Duodenal ulcers are the most common form of peptic ulcer	Gastroenteritis inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, involving both the stomach and the small intestine, which results in acute diarrhea. The inflammation is caused most often by an infection from certain viruses or less often by bacteria, their toxins, parasites, or an adverse reaction to food contamination or medication	Prodrug a medication that is given in an inactive form and is converted in the body to an active form. Prodrugs may be used to reduce side effects of the active medication or to permit administration via an alternate route